Irrigation systems of greenhouses in all types of hydroponic systems, seed culturing, seedling production, production of ornamental and apartment plants is an effective solution that increase the yield of Greenhouse crops, especially in developed countries.
Mechanized and automatic Irrigation systems:
The use of mechanized and automatic irrigation equipment is one of the important ways to increase the efficiency of water consumption. Greenhouse irrigation equipment, while reducing losses, provide the right amount of water to the plant at the right time. In greenhouses and controlled cultivation environments, the efficiency of mechanized greenhouse irrigation systems is very high.
The importance of irrigation planning:
Irrigation planning is one of the important management factors effective in optimal water consumption. So far, several studies have been conducted in the field of investigating the effect of irrigation schedule in hydroponic greenhouses on the efficiency of water consumption. The obtained results emphasize the necessity of paying attention to irrigation planning as a useful strategy in the conditions of limited water resources.
The planning of Irrigation systems of greenhouses is one of the main needs in the cultivation of any type of crop.
Irrigation planning in the greenhouse includes two important parameters:
♦ Determining the amount of water required.
♦ Proper time of irrigation.
Greenhouse irrigation methods:
Different methods use to irrigate crops in the greenhouse. Types of irrigation systems in the greenhouses of the world, including Iran:
♦ Surface irrigation.
♦ Under pressure (such as micro and rain irrigation).
Pressure irrigation system:
♦ Rain irrigation method of misting type: adjusting the humidity of the environment.
♦ Rain irrigation: This method is used to water pot platforms (for small and medium plants).
♦ Micro irrigation (local irrigation).
♦ Types of surface methods.
Rain irrigation methods:
The misting method (powder irrigation method) is basically used to maintain the humidity in the predicted range inside the greenhouse. Foggers work very well when they are hung from the ceiling and can be placed at a short distance from the ceiling.
Irrigation canvas:
Irrigation canvas is a device that sprays water drops uniformly through nozzles. Irrigation canvas is one of the different methods of irrigation in seed cultivation and seedling production greenhouses.
Drip irrigation method (local):
The local irrigation method is used in the greenhouse and in open fields. In this method, the solution of water and fertilizer is transported by cultivation pipes and can be installed on the pipe by droppers and draw water from the pipe (button droppers are used in this particular case).
Brigade pipes:
This type of pipes is like drip irrigation pipes on which drippers are installed in the pipe path. The water outlet (dropper) is made of the pipe itself and part of its body. The advantages of these types of pipes are their low weight and cost, and their easy collection. Unfortunately, the durability of these pipes in most cases does not exceed 2 cropping seasons and they must be purchased again.
Surface irrigation methods:
The surface irrigation method is used in the irrigation system of soil cultivation greenhouses. For example, many greenhouses have been established in the city of Yazd (in Iran), where irrigation is done by surface method.
Irrigation equipment in the greenhouse:
In greenhouses and controlled environments, drip and local irrigation methods are mostly used. But there are fundamental differences between the equipment and related devices in the greenhouse irrigation system and the equipment used in the field and open spaces.
In this regard, the issue of mechanizing the irrigation system of greenhouses and using smart devices and methods in hydroponic greenhouses is very important.
Disadvantages of manual irrigation:
♦ Wetting of the lower leaves and crown of the plant.
♦ Growth of pests and diseases of plant roots and stems.
Advantages of using a smart irrigation system:
♦ Irrigation based on plant needs.
♦ Reduce water wastage.
♦ Occupying less space by installing equipment in the greenhouse.
♦ Automatic control of irrigation time, duration of irrigation and amount of irrigation.
♦ No need to be physically present in the greenhouse.
♦ Lower labor cost.♦
♦ High performance.
♦ Low and controlled consumption of water.
TIDAPARS have a perfect package of Irrigation systems of greenhouses that We have examined their characteristics.
Specifications of TIDAPARS watering boom:
♦ Application for greenhouses and outdoor system
♦ The possibility of daily or monthly irrigation planning automatically.
♦ Can be installed in the greenhouse and used outdoors.
♦ With double rail.
♦ It has a circulation system with imperceptible movement of the irrigation hose on the rail.
♦ The possibility of spraying fertilizers and poisons uniformly.
♦ Increasing water consumption efficiency.
♦ Exclusive design of nozzles.
♦ Custom canvases with adjustable height.
♦ Can be dismantled, suitable for rented greenhouses.
♦ The possibility of setting the number of irrigation times in each turn.
♦ Simple maintenance and low cost with long life.
Features of TIDAPARS humidifier:
♦ Ability to spray fertilizers and poisons for plants.
♦ Mechanism of water ionization by centrifugal force.
♦ High spray power and atomization of water.
♦ Air outlet channel insulated with special anti-moisture primer.
♦ Simple installation.
♦ Portability and low maintenance cost of the device.
♦ Easy cleaning, proper insulation, no blockage and leakage.
Features of TIDAPARS ultrasonic fogger:
♦ Suitable for mushroom growing halls, poultry breeding units and animal husbandry.
♦ Production of cold steam in the environment.
♦ Ultrasonic fog production mechanism using ultrasonic waves.
♦ Cold fog production mechanism by special piezoceramics.
♦ High power in producing cold fog without water drops and wetting the environment.
♦ Has 2 fog output channels.
Conclusion:
Mechanized irrigation of greenhouses has an excellent performance in saving water consumption compared to manual and traditional irrigation systems. Various studies show that mechanized irrigation systems save between 20 and 50 percent of water consumption. Therefore, mechanized irrigation is a solution to reduce costs. The existence of mechanized irrigation systems and equipment in the agricultural sector, which is facing the water shortage crisis, has become a significant issue. In recent years, the approach of the greenhouse industry to save costs and reduce water consumption is to carefully check the irrigation systems of greenhouses.
Fatemeh SAFAE – FAEGHEH OSANLOU
www.tidapars.com
TIDAPARS
Tel: 00989904823436
Tel: 00989103218552
